Gobernanza policéntrica o política de multiniveles decisorios, para enfrentar temas emergentes.

"Peel, Godden and Keenan see weaknesses in relying on either a top-down or bottom-up approach. Instead, they advocate a multi-level governance approach, based on a recognition that ‘trends toward fragmentation, decentralization and grassroots empowerment are producing a more “kaleidoscopic” world consisting of a “multi-layered system” of activity undertaken by states, international institutions, the private sector and non-governmental organizations’

J. Peel, L. Godden&R. Keenan, ‘Climate Change Law in an Era of Multi-Level Governance’ (2012) 1(2) Transnational Environmental Law, pp. 245–80, at 277.

"In sum, climate change is an international problem, but it is not – or certainly not exclusively – tackled in the conventional way of unitary national actors cooperating through formal treaties. The sprawling range of national, regional and sub-national climate change efforts, requiring the involvement of an unprecedentedly large array of governmental authorities, defies traditional notions of international cooperation and cries out for theoretical clarification".